The generation of noise by the fluctuations in gas temperature into a turbine

An actuator disc analysis is used to calculate the pressure fluctuations produced by the convection of temperature fluctuations (entropy waves) into one or more rows of blades. The perturbations in pressure and temperature must be small, but the mean flow deflection and acceleration are generally large. The calculations indicate that the small temperature fluctuations produced by combustion chambers are sufficient to produce large amounts of acoustic power. Although designed primarily to calculate the effect of entropy waves, the method is more general and is able to predict the pressure and vorticity waves generated by upstream or downstream going pressure waves or by vorticity waves impinging on blade rows.