Real-time monitoring of tumor-homing bacteria and tumor cells in vivo using ultrasound

By screening natural prokaryotic gas vesicle gene clusters, we found and engineered new acoustic reporter genes (ARGs) that give bacteria and mammalian cells brighter ultrasound contrast for real-time noninvasive imaging. Expressing these ARGs in engineered cells enabled us to image tumor-homing bacteria and perform genetically guided tumor biopsies in vivo.