The diurnal variation of hydrogen, nitrogen, and chlorine radicals: implications for the heterogeneous production of HNO₂
Creators
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Salawitch, R. J.
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Wofsy, S. C.
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Wennberg, P. O.
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Cohen, R. C.
- Anderson, J. G.
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Fahey, D. W.
- Gao, R. S.
- Keim, E. R.
- Woodbridge, E. L.
- Stimpfle, R. M.
- Koplow, J. P.
- Kohn, D. W.
- Webster, C. R.
- May, R. D.
- Pfister, L.
- Gottlieb, E. W.
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Michelsen, H. A.
- Yue, G. K.
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Prather, M. J.
- Wilson, J. C.
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Brock, C. A.
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Jonsson, H. H.
- Dye, J. E.
- Baumgardner, D.
- Proffitt, M
- Loewenstein, M.
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Podolske, J. R.
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Elkins, J. W.
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Dutton, G. S.
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Hintsa, E. J.
- Dessler, A. E.
- Weinstock, E. M.
- Kelly, K. K.
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Boering, K. A.
- Daube, B. C.
- Chan, K. R.
- Bowen, S. W.
Abstract
In situ measurements of hydrogen, nitrogen, and chlorine radicals obtained through sunrise and sunset in the lower stratosphere during SPADE are compared to results from a photochemical model constrained by observed concentrations of radical precursors and environmental conditions. Models allowing for heterogeneous hydrolysis of N₂O₅ on sulfate aerosols agree with measured concentrations of NO, NO₂, and ClO throughout the day, but fail to account for high concentrations of OH and HO₂ observed near sunrise and sunset. The morning burst of [OH] and [HO₂] coincides with the rise of [NO] from photolysis of NO₂, suggesting a new source of HOₓ that photolyzes in the near UV (350 to 400 nm) spectral region. A model that allows for the heterogeneous production of HNO₂ results in an excellent simulation of the diurnal variations of [OH] and [HO₂].
Additional Information
© 1994 American Geophysical Union. Manuscript Accepted: 19 OCT 1994; Manuscript Received: 29 AUG 1994. Paper number 94GL02782. This work was supported by NASA grants NAG2-731, NAGW-1230, NAS1-19955 and NSF grant ATM-89-21119 to Harvard University. We thank J. Herman and the GSFC processing team for providing data from TOMS and P. Newman and R. Nagatani for providing data from NMC.Attached Files
Published - grl7984.pdf
Files
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Additional details
Identifiers
- Eprint ID
- 46627
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20140702-094446231
Funding
- NASA
- NAG2-731
- NASA
- NAGW-1230
- NASA
- NAS1-19955
- NSF
- ATM-89-21119
Dates
- Created
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2014-07-02Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
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2023-02-24Created from EPrint's last_modified field
Caltech Custom Metadata
- Caltech groups
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences (GPS)