Published May 10, 2021 | Version Published + Accepted Version
Journal Article Open

Measurement of prompt D⁰ and D̅⁰ meson azimuthal anisotropy and search for strong electric fields in PbPb collisions at √S_(NN) = 5.02 TeV

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Abstract

The strong Coulomb field created in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions is expected to produce a rapidity-dependent difference (Δv₂) in the second Fourier coefficient of the azimuthal distribution (elliptic flow, v₂) between D⁰ (ūc) and D̅⁰ (uc̅) mesons. Motivated by the search for evidence of this field, the CMS detector at the LHC is used to perform the first measurement of Δv₂. The rapidity-averaged value is found to be〈Δv₂〉= 0.001±0.001(stat)±0.003(syst) in PbPb collisions at √S_(NN) = 5.02 TeV. In addition, the influence of the collision geometry is explored by measuring the D⁰ and D̅⁰ mesons v₂ and triangular flow coefficient (v₃) as functions of rapidity, transverse momentum (p_T), and event centrality (a measure of the overlap of the two Pb nuclei). A clear centrality dependence of prompt D⁰ meson v₂ values is observed, while the v₃ is largely independent of centrality. These trends are consistent with expectations of flow driven by the initial-state geometry.

Additional Information

© 2021 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP3. Received 29 September 2020, Revised 21 February 2021, Accepted 25 March 2021, Available online 29 March 2021. Editor: M. Doser. We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following funding agencies: BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MOST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC IUT, PUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); NKFIA (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, ROSATOM, RAS, RFBR, and NRC KI (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI, CPAN, PCTI, and FEDER (Spain); MoSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR, and NSTDA (Thailand); TÜBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 752730, and 765710 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A.P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the "Excellence of Science – EOS" – be.h project n. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010; The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under Germany's Excellence Strategy – EXC 2121 "Quantum Universe" – 390833306; the Lendület ("Momentum") Program and the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program ÚNKP, the NKFIA research grants 123842, 123959, 124845, 124850, 125105, 128713, 128786, and 129058 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the HOMING PLUS program of the Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund, the Mobility Plus program of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the National Science Center (Poland), contracts Harmonia 2014/14/M/ST2/00428, Opus 2014/13/B/ST2/02543, 2014/15/B/ST2/03998, and 2015/19/B/ST2/02861, Sonata-bis 2012/07/E/ST2/01406; the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, project no. 02.a03.21.0005 (Russia); the Tomsk Polytechnic University Competitiveness Enhancement Program; the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia María de Maeztu, grant MDM-2015-0509 and the Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias; the Thalis and Aristeia programs cofinanced by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; the Rachadapisek Sompot Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University and the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA). The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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Identifiers

Eprint ID
109312
Resolver ID
CaltechAUTHORS:20210528-150738940

Funding

Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung Und Wirtschaft (BMWFW)
FWF Der Wissenschaftsfond
Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS)
Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Ministry of Education and Science (Bulgaria)
CERN
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ministry of Science and Technology (China)
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (COLCIENCIAS)
Ministry of Science, Education and Sport (Croatia)
Croatian Science Foundation
Research Promotion Foundation (Cyprus)
Secretaría Nacional de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENESCYT)
Ministry of Education and Research (Estonia)
Estonian Research Council
PUT (Estonia)
European Regional Development Fund (Estonia)
Academy of Finland
Ministry of Education and Culture (Finland)
Helsinki Institute of Physics
Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules (IN2P3)
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF)
General Secretariat for Research and Technology (GSRT)
Department of Atomic Energy (India)
Department of Science and Technology (India)
Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics (Iran)
Science Foundation, Ireland
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)
Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (Korea)
National Research Foundation of Korea
Ministry of Education and Science (Latvia)
Lithuanian Academy of Sciences
Ministry of Education (Malaysia)
University of Malaya
Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP)
Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV)
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT)
Laboratorio Nacional de Supercómputo (LNS)
Secretaría de Educación Pública (SEP)
Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí Inicio-Facultad de Ingeniería (UASLP-FAI)
Ministero della Scienza del Montenegro (MOS)
Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (New Zealand)
Atomic Energy Commission (Pakistan)
Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland)
National Science Centre (Poland)
Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT)
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR)
RosAtom
Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Foundation for Basic Research
National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute (Russia)
Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (Serbia)
Secretaría de Estado de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (SEIDI)
Centro Nacional de Física de Partículas, Astropartículas y Nuclear (CPAN)
Plan de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovació (PCTI)
Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)
Ministry of Science, Technology and Research (Sri Lanka)
Swiss Funding Agencies
Ministry of Science and Technology (Taipei)
Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics
Institute for the Promotion of Teaching Science and Technology (Thailand)
Special Task Force for Activating Research (Thailand)
National Science and Technology Development Agency (Thailand)
Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu (TÜBİTAK)
Türkiye Atom Enerjisi Kurumu (TAEK)
National Academy of Sciences (Ukraine)
Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)
Department of Energy (DOE)
NSF
Marie Curie Fellowship
European Research Council (ERC)
675440
European Research Council (ERC)
752730
European Research Council (ERC)
765710
Leventis Foundation
Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO)
Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium)
Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium)
Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS)
30820817
Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission
Z191100007219010
Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
EXC 2121
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
390833306
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
National Research, Development and Innovation Fund (NKFIA)
123842
National Research, Development and Innovation Fund (NKFIA)
123959
National Research, Development and Innovation Fund (NKFIA)
124845
National Research, Development and Innovation Fund (NKFIA)
124850
National Research, Development and Innovation Fund (NKFIA)
125105
National Research, Development and Innovation Fund (NKFIA)
128713
National Research, Development and Innovation Fund (NKFIA)
128786
National Research, Development and Innovation Fund (NKFIA)
129058
Council of Science and Industrial Research (India)
Foundation for Polish Science HOMING PLUS Program
European Union Regional Development Fund
Mobility Plus Program
Harmonia Program
2014/14/M/ST2/00428
OPUS Program
2014/13/B/ST2/02543
OPUS Program
2014/15/B/ST2/03998
OPUS Program
2015/19/B/ST2/02861
Sonata-bis Program
2012/07/E/ST2/01406
Qatar National Research Fund National Priorities Research Program
National Research Nuclear University
02.a03.21.0005
Tomsk Polytechnic University
Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia María de Maeztu
MDM-2015-0509
Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias
Thalis Program
Aristeia Program
European Social Fund
Greek National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF)
Rachadapisek Sompot Fund, Chulalongkorn University
Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project (Thailand)
Kavli Foundation
Nvidia Corporation
SuperMicro Corporation
Robert A. Welch Foundation
C-1845
Weston Havens Foundation
SCOAP3

Dates

Created
2021-06-01
Created from EPrint's datestamp field
Updated
2021-06-25
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