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Published April 30, 2021 | Version Supplemental Material + Submitted + Published
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Thermodynamics of a Two-Step Electroweak Phase Transition

Creators

  • 1. ROR icon Helsinki Institute of Physics
  • 2. ROR icon Shanghai Jiao Tong University
  • 3. ROR icon University of Massachusetts Amherst
  • 4. ROR icon California Institute of Technology
  • 5. ROR icon University of Bern
  • 6. ROR icon University of Nottingham

Abstract

New field content beyond that of the standard model of particle physics can alter the thermal history of electroweak symmetry breaking in the early Universe. In particular, the symmetry breaking may have occurred through a sequence of successive phase transitions. We study the thermodynamics of such a scenario in a real triplet extension of the standard model, using nonperturbative lattice simulations. Two-step electroweak phase transition is found to occur in a narrow region of allowed parameter space with the second transition always being first order. The first transition into the phase of nonvanishing triplet vacuum expectation value is first order in a non-negligible portion of the two-step parameter space. A comparison with two-loop perturbative calculation is provided and significant discrepancies with the nonperturbative results are identified.

Additional Information

© 2021 The Author(s). Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3. (Received 6 July 2020; accepted 2 March 2021; published 27 April 2021) We thank Oliver Gould, Mark Hindmarsh, Kimmo Kainulainen, Mikko Laine, Arttu Rajantie and Kari Rummukainen for discussions, as well as Philipp Schicho and Juuso Österman for useful correspondence on 3D loop integrals. L. N. acknowledges financial support from the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation. This work was partly supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) under Grant No. 200020B-188712, and by the Academy of Finland under Grants 308791 and 320123. M. J. R. M. was supported in part under U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-SC0011095 and National Science Foundation of China Grant No. 19Z103010239. We are grateful for computational resources provided by the University of Helsinki clusters (urn:nbn:fi:research-infras-2016072533). D. J. W. (ORCID ID 0000-0001-6986-0517) was supported by a Science and Technology Facilities Council Ernest Rutherford Fellowship, Grant No. ST/R003904/1, by the Academy of Finland, Grants No. 324882 and No. 328958, and by the Research Funds of the University of Helsinki.

Attached Files

Published - PhysRevLett.126.171802.pdf

Submitted - 2005.11332.pdf

Supplemental Material - triplet_supplemental.pdf

Files

2005.11332.pdf

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Additional details

Identifiers

Eprint ID
108880
Resolver ID
CaltechAUTHORS:20210429-144553024

Related works

Describes
https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.11332 (URL)

Funding

Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation
Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)
200020B-188712
Academy of Finland
308791
Academy of Finland
320123
Department of Energy (DOE)
DE-SC0011095
National Natural Science Foundation of China
19Z103010239
Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)
ST/R003904/1
Academy of Finland
328958
Academy of Finland
324882
University of Helsinki
SCOAP3

Dates

Created
2021-04-29
Created from EPrint's datestamp field
Updated
2021-11-16
Created from EPrint's last_modified field