CaltechAUTHORS
Published March 2022 | Version Accepted Version + Published
Journal Article Open

A Transiting, Temperate Mini-Neptune Orbiting the M Dwarf TOI-1759 Unveiled by TESS

Creators

  • 1. ROR icon Space Telescope Science Institute
  • 2. ROR icon Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
  • 3. ROR icon Heidelberg University
  • 4. ROR icon Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía
  • 5. ROR icon European Space Astronomy Centre
  • 6. ROR icon Institute of Space Sciences
  • 7. ROR icon Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya
  • 8. ROR icon University of La Laguna
  • 9. ROR icon Max Planck Institute for Astronomy
  • 10. ROR icon Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
  • 11. ROR icon Excellence Cluster Origins
  • 12. ROR icon University of Oklahoma
  • 13. ROR icon Universität Hamburg
  • 14. ROR icon University of Göttingen
  • 15. ROR icon Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg
  • 16. ROR icon Complutense University of Madrid
  • 17. ROR icon Calar Alto Observatory
  • 18. ROR icon KU Leuven
  • 19. ROR icon Centro de Astrobiología
  • 20. ROR icon Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
  • 21. ROR icon University of Kansas
  • 22. ROR icon University of Geneva
  • 23. ROR icon Ames Research Center
  • 24. ROR icon NASA Exoplanet Science Institute
  • 25. ROR icon University of California, Santa Cruz
  • 26. ROR icon United States Naval Observatory
  • 27. ROR icon Goddard Space Flight Center
  • 28. ROR icon University of Maryland, Baltimore County
  • 29. ROR icon Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  • 30. ROR icon University of New Mexico
  • 31. ROR icon Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence
  • 32. ROR icon Princeton University

Abstract

We report the discovery and characterization of TOI-1759 b, a temperate (400 K) sub-Neptune-sized exoplanet orbiting the M dwarf TOI-1759 (TIC 408636441). TOI-1759 b was observed by TESS to transit in Sectors 16, 17, and 24, with only one transit observed per sector, creating an ambiguity regarding the orbital period of the planet candidate. Ground-based photometric observations, combined with radial-velocity measurements obtained with the CARMENES spectrograph, confirm an actual period of 18.85019 ± 0.00014 days. A joint analysis of all available photometry and radial velocities reveals a radius of 3.17 ± 0.10 R_⊕ and a mass of 10.8 ± 1.5 M_⊕. Combining this with the stellar properties derived for TOI-1759 (R_⋆ = 0.597 ± 0.015 R_⊙; M_⋆ = 0.606 ± 0.020 M_⊙; T_(eff) = 4065 ± 51 K), we compute a transmission spectroscopic metric (TSM) value of over 80 for the planet, making it a good target for transmission spectroscopy studies. TOI-1759 b is among the top five temperate, small exoplanets (T_(eq) < R_p < R_⊕) with the highest TSM discovered to date. Two additional signals with periods of 80 days and >200 days seem to be present in our radial velocities. While our data suggest both could arise from stellar activity, the later signal's source and periodicity are hard to pinpoint given the ∼200 days baseline of our radial-velocity campaign with CARMENES. Longer baseline radial-velocity campaigns should be performed in order to unveil the true nature of this long-period signal.

Additional Information

© 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Received 2021 August 14; revised 2022 January 3; accepted 2022 January 5; published 2022 February 16. CARMENES is an instrument at the Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (CAHA) at Calar Alto (Almería, Spain), operated jointly by the Junta de Andalucía and the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC). CARMENES was funded by the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (MPG), the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through projects FICTS-2011-02, ICTS-2017-07-CAHA-4, and CAHA16-CE-3978, and the members of the CARMENES Consortium (Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, Landessternwarte Königstuhl, Institut de Ciëncies de l'Espai, Institut für Astrophysik Göttingen, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Hamburger Sternwarte, Centro de Astrobiología, and Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán), with additional contributions by the MINECO, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through the Major Research Instrumentation Programme and Research Unit FOR2544 "Blue Planets around Red Stars," the Klaus Tschira Stiftung, the states of Baden-Württemberg and Niedersachsen, and by the Junta de Andalucía. This work was based on data from the CARMENES data archive at CAB (CSIC-INTA). We acknowledge financial support from the Agencia Estatal de Investigación of the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades and the ERDF through projects PID2019-109522GB-C5[1:4], PGC2018-098153-B-C33, AYA2018-84089, PID2019-107061GB-C64, PID2019-110689RB-100, AYA2016-79425-C3-1/2/3-P, and BES-2017-080769, and the Centre of Excellence "Severo Ochoa" and "María de Maeztu" awards to the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (CEX2019-000920-S), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709), and Centro de Astrobiología (MDM-2017-0737), NASA (NNX17AG24G), and the Generalitat de Catalunya/CERCA program. Data were partly collected with the 90 cm telescope at the Sierra Nevada Observatory (SNO) operated by the Instituto de Astrofí fica de Andalucí a (IAA, CSIC). We acknowledge the telescope operators from the Sierra Nevada Observatory for their support. G.M. has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 895525. This research has made use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. We acknowledge the use of public TESS data from pipelines at the TESS Science Office and at the TESS Science Processing Operations Center. Resources supporting this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center for the production of the SPOC data products. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. Facilities: TESS - , CARMENES/3.5-m Calar Alto telescope - , TJO - , SNO - , AAM - , MONTSEC - , Keck telescope - , Gemini-North telescope. - Software: radvel (Fulton et al. 2018), batman (Kreidberg 2015), juliet (Espinoza et al. 2019), astroimagej (Collins et al. 2017), tpfplotter (Aller et al. 2020), dynesty (Speagle 2020), celerite (Foreman-Mackey et al. 2017).

Attached Files

Published - Espinoza_2022_AJ_163_133.pdf

Accepted Version - 2202.01240.pdf

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Additional details

Identifiers

Eprint ID
113494
Resolver ID
CaltechAUTHORS:20220217-687037000

Related works

Describes
https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.01240 (URL)

Funding

Max Planck Society
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO)
AYA2018-84089
European Regional Development Fund
FICTS-2011-02
European Regional Development Fund
ICTS-2017-07-CAHA-4
European Regional Development Fund
CAHA16-CE-3978
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
FOR2544
Klaus Tschira Foundation
state of Baden-Württemberg
state of Niedersachsen
Junta de Andalucía
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU)
PID2019-109522GB-C5[1:4]
European Regional Development Fund
PGC2018-098153-B-C33
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU)
PID2019-107061GB-C64
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU)
PID2019-110689RB-100
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU)
AYA2016-79425-C3-1/2/3-P
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU)
BES-2017-080769
Severo Ochoa
CEX2019-000920-S
Severo Ochoa
SEV-2017-0709
Agencia Estatal de Investigació
MDM-2017-0737
NASA
NNX17AG24G
Generalitat de Catalunya
Marie Curie Fellowship
895525
NASA/JPL/Caltech

Dates

Created
2022-02-17
Created from EPrint's datestamp field
Updated
2022-02-17
Created from EPrint's last_modified field

Caltech Custom Metadata

Caltech groups
Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC)