CaltechAUTHORS
Published January 3, 2017 | Version Published
Journal Article Open

Study of the footprints of short-term variation in XCO_2 observed by TCCON sites using NIES and FLEXPART atmospheric transport models

Creators

  • 1. ROR icon National Institute for Environmental Studies
  • 2. ROR icon National Institute of Polar Research
  • 3. ROR icon National Research Tomsk State University
  • 4. ROR icon Hokkaido University
  • 5. ROR icon Roshydromet
  • 6. ROR icon University of Wollongong
  • 7. ROR icon University of Bremen
  • 8. ROR icon California Institute of Technology
  • 9. ROR icon Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry
  • 10. ROR icon University of Leicester
  • 11. ROR icon University of Toronto
  • 12. ROR icon National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
  • 13. ROR icon Los Alamos National Laboratory
  • 14. ROR icon Finnish Meteorological Institute
  • 15. ROR icon Agencia Estatal de Meteorología
  • 16. ROR icon Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
  • 17. ROR icon Tohoku University

Abstract

The Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) is a network of ground-based Fourier transform spectrometers (FTSs) that record near-infrared (NIR) spectra of the sun. From these spectra, accurate and precise observations of CO_2 column-averaged dry-air mole fractions (denoted XCO_2) are retrieved. TCCON FTS observations have previously been used to validate satellite estimations of XCO_2; however, our knowledge of the short-term spatial and temporal variations in XCO_2 surrounding the TCCON sites is limited. In this work, we use the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) Eulerian three-dimensional transport model and the FLEXPART (FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model) Lagrangian particle dispersion model (LPDM) to determine the footprints of short-term variations in XCO_2 observed by operational, past, future and possible TCCON sites. We propose a footprint-based method for the collocation of satellite and TCCON XCO_2 observations and estimate the performance of the method using the NIES model and five GOSAT (Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite) XCO_2 product data sets. Comparison of the proposed approach with a standard geographic method shows a higher number of collocation points and an average bias reduction up to 0.15 ppm for a subset of 16 stations for the period from January 2010 to January 2014. Case studies of the Darwin and Reunion Island sites reveal that when the footprint area is rather curved, non-uniform and significantly different from a geographical rectangular area, the differences between these approaches are more noticeable. This emphasises that the collocation is sensitive to local meteorological conditions and flux distributions.

Additional Information

© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Received: 08 Mar 2016 – Discussion started: 04 May 2016. Revised: 25 Nov 2016 – Accepted: 01 Dec 2016 – Published: 03 Jan 2017. Authors thank Paul Wennberg for insightful discussions and suggestions regarding the manuscript. The data sets are available at ftp://tccon.ornl.gov/2014Public/documentation/ (Wunch et al., 2015). The JRA-25/JCDAS meteorological data sets used in the simulations were provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency. The computational resources were provided by NIES. This study was performed by order of the Ministry for Education and Science of the Russian Federation No. 5.628.2014/K and was supported by The Tomsk State University Academic D. I. Mendeleev Fund Program in 2014–2015 and by the GRENE Arctic project. TCCON data were obtained from the TCCON Data Archive, hosted by the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA, http://tccon.ornl.gov. The Ascension Island site has been funded by the Max Planck Society. The Bremen, Białystok and Orléans TCCON sites are funded by the EU projects InGOS and ICOS-INWIRE, and by the Senate of Bremen. The Darwin and Wollongong TCCON sites are funded by NASA grants NAG5-12247 and NNG05-GD07G, and Australian Research Council grants DP140101552, DP110103118, DP0879468, LE0668470 and LP0562346. We are grateful to the DOE ARM programme for technical support at the Darwin TCCON site. Nicholas Deutscher was supported by an Australian Research Council fellowship, DE140100178. The Eureka measurements were made at the Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL) by the Canadian Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Change (CANDAC) led by James R. Drummond, and in part by the Canadian Arctic ACE Validation Campaigns led by Kaley A. Walker. They were supported by the AIF/NSRIT, CFI, CFCAS, CSA, EC, GOC-IPY, NSERC, NSTP, OIT, ORF and PCSP. The University of Leicester data were obtained with funding from the UK National Centre for Earth Observation and the ESA GHG-CCI project, using the ALICE High Performance Computing Facility at the University of Leicester. R. Parker was funded by an ESA Living Planet Fellowship.

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Additional details

Identifiers

Eprint ID
74377
Resolver ID
CaltechAUTHORS:20170216-121640656

Funding

Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation
5.628.2014/K
Tomsk State University
GRENE Arctic project
Max Planck Society
European Union
Senate of Bremen
NASA
NAG5-12247
NASA
NNG05-GD07G
Australian Research Council
DP140101552
Australian Research Council
DP110103118
Australian Research Council
DP0879468
Australian Research Council
LE0668470
Australian Research Council
LP0562346
Australian Research Council
DE140100178
Atlantic Innovation Fund
Canada Foundation for Innovation
Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences
Canadian Space Agency (CSA)
European Commission
Government of Canada - International Polar Year
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
Northern Scientific Training Program
Ontario Institute Of Technology
Ontario Research Fund
Polar Continental Shelf Program
National Centre for Earth Observation
European Space Agency (ESA)
Nova Scotia Research Innovation Trust

Dates

Created
2017-02-16
Created from EPrint's datestamp field
Updated
2023-03-02
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